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Cyrtomium falcatum

(L.f.) C.Presl (1836)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Pteridophyta Class/Clade: Polypodiopsida Order: Polypodiales Family: Dryopteridaceae Genus: Cyrtomium

holly fern, Japanese holly fern

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Sori:

Gametophyte:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Vegetative Reproduction

Bibliography

Name Published In: Tent. Pterid.: 86 (1836)

Other References

Palmer 2003:106 (K, O, Mo, L, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:37 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Puuwaawaa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Montgomery, S.L. 13 Hawaii BISH 7/2/1971
2 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl near crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. paquin, d. collector number: 3874 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
3 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Laupahoehoe Rock cliffs overlooking ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 10262 Hawaii BISH 9/1/1933
4 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl laupahoehoe point; pendant from ceiling of cave at base of seacliffs Growing approx. 10' from highwater line; along beach with heavy saltspray flux from large breakers; frond surface shiny; coll. detached at base of stalk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 1902 Hawaii BISH 12/29/1984
5 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl kalaupapa trail Moist basalt crevices. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 25234 Molokai BISH 12/25/1953
6 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Trail to Kalaupapa along windswept cliffs of north coast of the island Very common along trail; growing in rock cracks and on the ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crosby, M.R. 1675 Molokai BISH 7/4/1964
7 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl keawanui bay w of pelekunu bay Rocky cliffs on coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. wagner, w.l. collector number: 5404 Molokai BISH 7/30/1987
8 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl west of kalaupapa leper settlement Under rocks on brink of windswept pali. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 3217 Molokai BISH 6/18/1928
9 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kaena Pt. Tracking Station in dense Casuarina stand PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Paquin, D. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/26/1988
10 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Above Kalaupapa Settlement; second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 5697 Molokai BISH 6/19/1928
11 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Pahole Gulch; Waialua District; Waianae Mts.; subgully on east side of gulch Growing with Oplismenus, Pipturus & Hedyotis. Canopy of Pisonia & Aleurites. Common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1766 Oahu BISH 9/1/1978
12 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl puuwaawaa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN montgomery, s.l. collector number: 13 Hawaii BISH 7/2/1971
13 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl trail to kalaupapa along windswept cliffs of north coast of the island Very common along trail; growing in rock cracks and on the ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crosby, m.r. anderson, w.r. collector number: 1675 Molokai BISH 7/4/1964
14 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Southwest flank of Mauna Loa; in the ahupuaa of Manuka Closed Metrosideros forest trees 50-70 ft. tall; on aa with Athyrium; Microlepia; Nephrolepis; Antidesma; Myrsine; Pelea and Psychotria. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 5893 Hawaii BISH 6/28/1977
15 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl laupahoehoe Rock cliffs overlooking ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 10262 Hawaii BISH 9/1/1933
16 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl w maui, kahoma ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 612 Maui BISH 6/1/1979
17 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kalaupapa Peninsula Bottom of collapsed lava tube; shaded. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 680 Molokai BISH 8/15/1973
18 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl waianae mts.; first gully below peacock flats In shaded gulch floor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 326 Oahu BISH 2/25/1967
19 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl waimea arboretum & botanical garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2920 Oahu BISH 11/10/1986
20 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Pahole Gulch; drainage #1 - releve 4 Native mesic forest with Diospyros; Metrosideros; Myrsine; Pisonia; Psychotria; Pittosporum; Charpentiera. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Welton, P. 487 Oahu BISH 6/9/1990
21 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Honomalino; transect for TNC survey (700 m). Elev. 700-750 m. Metrosideros Lowland Mesic Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1518 Hawaii PTBG 12/18/1991
22 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Laupahoehoe Point; pendant from ceiling of cave at base of seacliffs Growing approx. 10' from highwater line; along beach with heavy saltspray flux from large breakers; frond surface shiny; coll. detached at base of stalk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 1902 Hawaii BISH 12/29/1984
23 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Near Koko Head; Mauna o Ahi Ridge 'Lower forest zone;' rock crevice plant; found once. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-37 Oahu BISH 6/20/1937
24 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl waianae mts.; kawaihapai; mountainward of camp erdman PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. clay, h.f.; popenoe, j. collector number: 19346 BISH 1/9/1949
25 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl pahole gulch; waialua district; waianae mts.; subgully on east side of gulch Growing with Oplismenus, Pipturus & Hedyotis. Canopy of Pisonia & Aleurites. Common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. spence, g. collector number: 1766 Oahu BISH 9/1/1978
26 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Koloa District. Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Woolliams, K. T. Flynn 1919 Kauai BISH 10/9/1986
27 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl 4 miles n of hilo, cultivated area on hwy 19. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. thorne; j. zardus, b. frost 7039 CHRB 8/4/1989
28 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl trail at junction of hanokowai stream and amalu. elevation 1500-2500 ft. passage terminates with cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r.w. krauss 463 MARY 9/11/1948
29 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl narrow gulch southwest of dillinghaue ranch, mokuleia, oahu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 NY 4/30/1950
30 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl j.p. paddock, a.l. greenwell ranch, kealakekua, s. kona PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. b. h. greenwell 19379 NY 1/17/1949
31 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Manuka N.A.R., transect 9, west of Oceanview Estates, Honopu, in from Kailua Blvd. Pioneer vegetation on lava & kipukas of Metrosideros polymorpha montane mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10692 Hawaii PTBG 4/18/1989
32 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl W. Maui. Puehuehunui, third small drainage to south of Kauaula rim. Mixed mesic forest and shrubland, 80% cover, 40% Cheirodendron trigynum @ 8 m tall, 5% Dodonaea viscosa @ 3 m, 5% Nestegis sandwicensis @ 5 m, 2% Coprosma foliosa @ 3 m. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 12073 Maui PTBG 8/22/2006
33 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl W. Maui, Mahinahina Gulch. Growing on steep, shady slope on the south side of the gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H70042 Maui PTBG 7/3/2000
34 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. Bamboo bridge. Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1919 Kauai PTBG 10/9/1986
35 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl ka'u dist.: manuka state wayside, along manuka loop trail, younger lava flow, on upper leg PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. arey & l. stemmermann 6403 Hawaii US 6/19/1990
36 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl west of kalaupapa leper settlement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 3217 Hawaii US 6/18/1928
37 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl above kalaupapa settlement second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 5697 Molokai US 6/19/1928
38 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl kalaupapa; waileia, mouth along clifface PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 556 Oahu US 1/4/2005
39 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl narrow gulch southwest of dillingham ranch, mokuleia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 Oahu US 4/30/1950
40 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl hualalai. Large pink flowers, no leaves on tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. k. meebold 10167 LSU 11/8/1935
41 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl mauka of camp erdman, trapai, oahu, t.h. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 19346 MO 1/9/1949
42 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 5697 MPM 6/19/1928
43 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl molokai, t.h. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 3217 NY 6/19/1928
44 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Keawanui Bay, just west of Pelekunu Bay (N. Molokai). Alt. 1-5 m. Disturbed coastal vegetation on rocky cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5404 Molokai PTBG 7/30/1987
45 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kalahu Pt. PTBG Kahanu Garden. Above high water line in deep, sandy soil on slope at edge of Pandanus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2390 Maui PTBG 10/6/1987
46 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Along coast west of Kalahu Point from the end of Ulaino Road. Elev 151-20 ft. On cliff and scree slopes above rock beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3512 Maui PTBG 8/23/1989
47 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Off Wawaia ridge and down West into Kumueli Gulch. Lowland Wet Metrosideros - Dicranopteris. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1094 Molokai PTBG 2/21/2007
48 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Crest and east side of Makolelau Ridge, from Pu'u Kolekole heading South along old road to coast. Alt. 850-1050 m. Relatively intact dry forest of Diospyros, Pouteria, Canthium, Nestegis, Pleomele. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5658A Molokai PTBG 10/23/1987
49 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl honokowai ditch trail, w. maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 25103 Molokai US 3/27/1959
50 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl kaiholena gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 12577 Lanai US 12/3/1935
51 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl narrow gulch sw of dillingham ranch, mokuleia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 Oahu US 4/30/1950
52 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl honokowai ditch trail, w maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, i. degener & w. fleming 25103 Maui US 3/27/1959
53 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl growing on dry side of mt. hualalai. Agro-hortica-exotica rain forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. o. guerrant, jr. s.n. BRIT 4/4/1971
54 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl manuka natural area preserve; between marker 10-12 and 16-17. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t.a. ranker 1730 VT 8/18/1996
55 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl above kalaupapa settlement, second small valley along top of cliff, east of leper trail, molokai. In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener 5697 WTU 6/17/1928
56 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl molokai. makolelau; below puukolekole, large gulch 2 gulches west of where the old solar panel used to be (metal anchors remaining). Mt. ravines; Rocks in wet places PRESERVED_SPECIMEN natalia tangalin; steve perlman 620 YPM 11/30/2005
57 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kanoa Quar. Sta. in a pot. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lyon, H.L. s.n. Molokai BISH 4/4/1932
58 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2920 Oahu BISH 11/10/1986
59 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Ka`u Dist.: Manuka State Wayside, along Manuka Loop Trail, younger lava flow, on upper leg Metrosideros forest with Myrsine lessertiana understory also mixed with Cibotium glaucum and C.chamissoi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6403 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1990
60 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl herb. william stout, sandwich is. [islands] PRESERVED_SPECIMEN BRU
61 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Makolelau; Below Puukolekole, large gulch 2 gulches West of where the old solar pannel used to be (metal achors remaining). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 620 Molokai PTBG 11/30/2005
62 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl southwest of dillingham ranch, mokuleia, oahu. Narrow gulch. Under trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener 20626 BRIT 4/30/1950
63 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Hana Dist. Kalahu Pt. PTBG Kahanu Garden. Above high water line in deep, sandy soil on slope at edge of Pandanus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2390 Maui BISH 10/6/1987
64 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl W Maui, Kahoma ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 612 Maui BISH 6/1/1979
65 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Pahole Gulch; Waianae Mts.; Waialua. On floor of small sub-gulch on east side of main gulch In dense shade of Pisonia; Planchonella. Athyrium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1329 Oahu BISH 6/15/1976
66 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl West of Kalaupapa leper settlement Under rocks on brink of windswept pali. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 3217 Molokai BISH 6/18/1928
67 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kalaupapa Trail Moist basalt crevices. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 25234 Molokai BISH 12/25/1953
68 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Waianae Mts.; Kawaihapai; mountainward of Camp Erdman Naturalized on cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 19346 Oahu BISH 1/9/1949
69 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl East Maui, Hana District, Waianapanapa State Park, along trail heading toward Hana Airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
70 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl east maui, hana district, waianapanapa state park, along trail heading toward hana airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. legrande, m.; jansen, s.; kennedy, b. collector number: 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
71 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl near koko head; mauna o ahi ridge 'Lower forest zone;' rock crevice plant; found once. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-37 Oahu BISH 6/20/1937
72 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl southwest flank of mauna loa; in the ahupuaa of manuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. morgan, c. collector number: 5893 Molokai BISH 6/28/1977
73 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gillett, G.W. 1732 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1965
74 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Near Crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. Growing next to Cyrtomium 3874 (sheet #514247) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 3875 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
75 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl pahole gulch; waianae mts.; waialua. on floor of small sub-gulch on east side of main gulch In dense shade of Pisonia; Planchonella. Athyrium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 1329 Oahu BISH 6/15/1976
76 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl kalaupapa penninsula Bottom of collapsed lava tube; shaded. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 680 Molokai BISH 8/15/1973
77 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Waianae Mts.; first gully below Peacock Flats In shaded gulch floor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 326 Oahu BISH 2/25/1967
78 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl above kalaupapa settlement; second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 5697 Molokai BISH 6/19/1928
79 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl near crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. Growing next to Cyrtomium 3874 (sheet #514247) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. paquin, d. collector number: 3875 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
80 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl koloa district. lawai valley. pacific tropical botanical garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN woolliams, k. tannawa, t. collector number: t. flynn 1919 Kauai BISH 10/9/1986
81 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Keawanui Bay W of Pelekunu Bay Rocky cliffs on coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5404 Molokai BISH 7/30/1987
82 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Kalaupapa; Waileia, mouth along clifface exposed PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 556 Molokai BISH 1/4/2005
83 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl pahole gulch; drainage #1 - releve 4 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN welton, p. ridgway, s. collector number: 487 Lanai BISH 6/9/1990
84 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Near Crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 3874 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
85 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl hualalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN meebold, a. (sub degener, o.) collector number: 10167 Hawaii BISH
86 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl Hualalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Meebold, A. 10167 Hawaii BISH
87 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl East Maui, Hana District, Waianapanapa State Park, along trail heading toward Hana Airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. LeGrande, M.; Jansen, S.; Kennedy, B. Collector Number: 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
88 Cyrtomium falcatum (L.f.) C.Presl hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gillett, g.w. collector number: 1732 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1965
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