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Cyrtomium falcatum

(L.f.) C.Presl (1836)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Pteridophyta Class/Clade: Polypodiopsida Order: Polypodiales Family: Dryopteridaceae Genus: Cyrtomium

holly fern, Japanese holly fern

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Sori:

Gametophyte:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Vegetative Reproduction

Bibliography

Name Published In: Tent. Pterid.: 86 (1836)

Other References

Palmer 2003:106 (K, O, Mo, L, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:37 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cyrtomium falcatum Above Kalaupapa Settlement; second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 5697 Molokai BISH 6/19/1928
2 Cyrtomium falcatum Pahole Gulch; Waialua District; Waianae Mts.; subgully on east side of gulch Growing with Oplismenus, Pipturus & Hedyotis. Canopy of Pisonia & Aleurites. Common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1766 Oahu BISH 9/1/1978
3 Cyrtomium falcatum puuwaawaa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN montgomery, s.l. collector number: 13 Hawaii BISH 7/2/1971
4 Cyrtomium falcatum trail to kalaupapa along windswept cliffs of north coast of the island Very common along trail; growing in rock cracks and on the ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crosby, m.r. anderson, w.r. collector number: 1675 Molokai BISH 7/4/1964
5 Cyrtomium falcatum Southwest flank of Mauna Loa; in the ahupuaa of Manuka Closed Metrosideros forest trees 50-70 ft. tall; on aa with Athyrium; Microlepia; Nephrolepis; Antidesma; Myrsine; Pelea and Psychotria. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Higashino, P.K. 5893 Hawaii BISH 6/28/1977
6 Cyrtomium falcatum Kaena Pt. Tracking Station in dense Casuarina stand PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Paquin, D. s.n. Oahu BISH 3/26/1988
7 Cyrtomium falcatum laupahoehoe Rock cliffs overlooking ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 10262 Hawaii BISH 9/1/1933
8 Cyrtomium falcatum w maui, kahoma ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 612 Maui BISH 6/1/1979
9 Cyrtomium falcatum Kalaupapa Peninsula Bottom of collapsed lava tube; shaded. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gagne, W.C. 680 Molokai BISH 8/15/1973
10 Cyrtomium falcatum waianae mts.; first gully below peacock flats In shaded gulch floor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 326 Oahu BISH 2/25/1967
11 Cyrtomium falcatum W. Maui. Puehuehunui, third small drainage to south of Kauaula rim. Mixed mesic forest and shrubland, 80% cover, 40% Cheirodendron trigynum @ 8 m tall, 5% Dodonaea viscosa @ 3 m, 5% Nestegis sandwicensis @ 5 m, 2% Coprosma foliosa @ 3 m. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 12073 Maui PTBG 8/22/2006
12 Cyrtomium falcatum Near Koko Head; Mauna o Ahi Ridge 'Lower forest zone;' rock crevice plant; found once. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Egler, F.E. 37-37 Oahu BISH 6/20/1937
13 Cyrtomium falcatum waianae mts.; kawaihapai; mountainward of camp erdman PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. clay, h.f.; popenoe, j. collector number: 19346 BISH 1/9/1949
14 Cyrtomium falcatum 4 miles n of hilo, cultivated area on hwy 19. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN k. thorne; j. zardus, b. frost 7039 CHRB 8/4/1989
15 Cyrtomium falcatum hualalai. Large pink flowers, no leaves on tree. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. k. meebold 10167 LSU 11/8/1935
16 Cyrtomium falcatum trail at junction of hanokowai stream and amalu. elevation 1500-2500 ft. passage terminates with cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r.w. krauss 463 MARY 9/11/1948
17 Cyrtomium falcatum waimea arboretum & botanical garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. collector number: 2920 Oahu BISH 11/10/1986
18 Cyrtomium falcatum Pahole Gulch; drainage #1 - releve 4 Native mesic forest with Diospyros; Metrosideros; Myrsine; Pisonia; Psychotria; Pittosporum; Charpentiera. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Welton, P. 487 Oahu BISH 6/9/1990
19 Cyrtomium falcatum Laupahoehoe Point; pendant from ceiling of cave at base of seacliffs Growing approx. 10' from highwater line; along beach with heavy saltspray flux from large breakers; frond surface shiny; coll. detached at base of stalk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 1902 Hawaii BISH 12/29/1984
20 Cyrtomium falcatum pahole gulch; waialua district; waianae mts.; subgully on east side of gulch Growing with Oplismenus, Pipturus & Hedyotis. Canopy of Pisonia & Aleurites. Common. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. spence, g. collector number: 1766 Oahu BISH 9/1/1978
21 Cyrtomium falcatum Koloa District. Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Woolliams, K. T. Flynn 1919 Kauai BISH 10/9/1986
22 Cyrtomium falcatum mauka of camp erdman, trapai, oahu, t.h. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 19346 MO 1/9/1949
23 Cyrtomium falcatum PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 5697 MPM 6/19/1928
24 Cyrtomium falcatum narrow gulch southwest of dillinghaue ranch, mokuleia, oahu. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 NY 4/30/1950
25 Cyrtomium falcatum j.p. paddock, a.l. greenwell ranch, kealakekua, s. kona PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. b. h. greenwell 19379 NY 1/17/1949
26 Cyrtomium falcatum molokai, t.h. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 3217 NY 6/19/1928
27 Cyrtomium falcatum Manuka N.A.R., transect 9, west of Oceanview Estates, Honopu, in from Kailua Blvd. Pioneer vegetation on lava & kipukas of Metrosideros polymorpha montane mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Steve Perlman 10692 Hawaii PTBG 4/18/1989
28 Cyrtomium falcatum W. Maui, Mahinahina Gulch. Growing on steep, shady slope on the south side of the gulch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H70042 Maui PTBG 7/3/2000
29 Cyrtomium falcatum Keawanui Bay, just west of Pelekunu Bay (N. Molokai). Alt. 1-5 m. Disturbed coastal vegetation on rocky cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5404 Molokai PTBG 7/30/1987
30 Cyrtomium falcatum Kalahu Pt. PTBG Kahanu Garden. Above high water line in deep, sandy soil on slope at edge of Pandanus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 2390 Maui PTBG 10/6/1987
31 Cyrtomium falcatum Along coast west of Kalahu Point from the end of Ulaino Road. Elev 151-20 ft. On cliff and scree slopes above rock beach. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3512 Maui PTBG 8/23/1989
32 Cyrtomium falcatum Crest and east side of Makolelau Ridge, from Pu'u Kolekole heading South along old road to coast. Alt. 850-1050 m. Relatively intact dry forest of Diospyros, Pouteria, Canthium, Nestegis, Pleomele. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5658A Molokai PTBG 10/23/1987
33 Cyrtomium falcatum Off Wawaia ridge and down West into Kumueli Gulch. Lowland Wet Metrosideros - Dicranopteris. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1094 Molokai PTBG 2/21/2007
34 Cyrtomium falcatum Lawai Valley. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden. Bamboo bridge. Cultivated plants. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1919 Kauai PTBG 10/9/1986
35 Cyrtomium falcatum Honomalino; transect for TNC survey (700 m). Elev. 700-750 m. Metrosideros Lowland Mesic Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN K. R. Wood 1518 Hawaii PTBG 12/18/1991
36 Cyrtomium falcatum west of kalaupapa leper settlement PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener & h. wiebke 3217 Hawaii US 6/18/1928
37 Cyrtomium falcatum honokowai ditch trail, w. maui. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 25103 Molokai US 3/27/1959
38 Cyrtomium falcatum ka'u dist.: manuka state wayside, along manuka loop trail, younger lava flow, on upper leg PRESERVED_SPECIMEN w. l. wagner, s. arey & l. stemmermann 6403 Hawaii US 6/19/1990
39 Cyrtomium falcatum kaiholena gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 12577 Lanai US 12/3/1935
40 Cyrtomium falcatum narrow gulch sw of dillingham ranch, mokuleia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 Oahu US 4/30/1950
41 Cyrtomium falcatum above kalaupapa settlement second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 5697 Molokai US 6/19/1928
42 Cyrtomium falcatum kalaupapa; waileia, mouth along clifface PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wysong, m.l. collector number: 556 Oahu US 1/4/2005
43 Cyrtomium falcatum narrow gulch southwest of dillingham ranch, mokuleia PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 20626 Oahu US 4/30/1950
44 Cyrtomium falcatum honokowai ditch trail, w maui PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, i. degener & w. fleming 25103 Maui US 3/27/1959
45 Cyrtomium falcatum manuka natural area preserve; between marker 10-12 and 16-17. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN t.a. ranker 1730 VT 8/18/1996
46 Cyrtomium falcatum above kalaupapa settlement, second small valley along top of cliff, east of leper trail, molokai. In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener 5697 WTU 6/17/1928
47 Cyrtomium falcatum molokai. makolelau; below puukolekole, large gulch 2 gulches west of where the old solar panel used to be (metal anchors remaining). Mt. ravines; Rocks in wet places PRESERVED_SPECIMEN natalia tangalin; steve perlman 620 YPM 11/30/2005
48 Cyrtomium falcatum Hana Dist. Kalahu Pt. PTBG Kahanu Garden. Above high water line in deep, sandy soil on slope at edge of Pandanus forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 2390 Maui BISH 10/6/1987
49 Cyrtomium falcatum Kanoa Quar. Sta. in a pot. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lyon, H.L. s.n. Molokai BISH 4/4/1932
50 Cyrtomium falcatum growing on dry side of mt. hualalai. Agro-hortica-exotica rain forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN e. o. guerrant, jr. s.n. BRIT 4/4/1971
51 Cyrtomium falcatum Waimea Arboretum & Botanical Garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2920 Oahu BISH 11/10/1986
52 Cyrtomium falcatum herb. william stout, sandwich is. [islands] PRESERVED_SPECIMEN BRU
53 Cyrtomium falcatum Ka`u Dist.: Manuka State Wayside, along Manuka Loop Trail, younger lava flow, on upper leg Metrosideros forest with Myrsine lessertiana understory also mixed with Cibotium glaucum and C.chamissoi PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 6403 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1990
54 Cyrtomium falcatum Makolelau; Below Puukolekole, large gulch 2 gulches West of where the old solar pannel used to be (metal achors remaining). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 620 Molokai PTBG 11/30/2005
55 Cyrtomium falcatum southwest of dillingham ranch, mokuleia, oahu. Narrow gulch. Under trees. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN otto degener 20626 BRIT 4/30/1950
56 Cyrtomium falcatum Pahole Gulch; Waianae Mts.; Waialua. On floor of small sub-gulch on east side of main gulch In dense shade of Pisonia; Planchonella. Athyrium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 1329 Oahu BISH 6/15/1976
57 Cyrtomium falcatum near koko head; mauna o ahi ridge 'Lower forest zone;' rock crevice plant; found once. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN egler, f.e. collector number: 37-37 Oahu BISH 6/20/1937
58 Cyrtomium falcatum West of Kalaupapa leper settlement Under rocks on brink of windswept pali. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 3217 Molokai BISH 6/18/1928
59 Cyrtomium falcatum Kalaupapa Trail Moist basalt crevices. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 25234 Molokai BISH 12/25/1953
60 Cyrtomium falcatum Waianae Mts.; Kawaihapai; mountainward of Camp Erdman Naturalized on cliffs. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 19346 Oahu BISH 1/9/1949
61 Cyrtomium falcatum East Maui, Hana District, Waianapanapa State Park, along trail heading toward Hana Airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
62 Cyrtomium falcatum east maui, hana district, waianapanapa state park, along trail heading toward hana airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. legrande, m.; jansen, s.; kennedy, b. collector number: 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
63 Cyrtomium falcatum southwest flank of mauna loa; in the ahupuaa of manuka PRESERVED_SPECIMEN higashino, p.k. morgan, c. collector number: 5893 Molokai BISH 6/28/1977
64 Cyrtomium falcatum Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Gillett, G.W. 1732 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1965
65 Cyrtomium falcatum Near Crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. Growing next to Cyrtomium 3874 (sheet #514247) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 3875 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
66 Cyrtomium falcatum pahole gulch; waianae mts.; waialua. on floor of small sub-gulch on east side of main gulch In dense shade of Pisonia; Planchonella. Athyrium understory. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 1329 Oahu BISH 6/15/1976
67 Cyrtomium falcatum near crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. Growing next to Cyrtomium 3874 (sheet #514247) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. paquin, d. collector number: 3875 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
68 Cyrtomium falcatum kalaupapa penninsula Bottom of collapsed lava tube; shaded. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gagné, w.c. collector number: 680 Molokai BISH 8/15/1973
69 Cyrtomium falcatum Waianae Mts.; first gully below Peacock Flats In shaded gulch floor. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 326 Oahu BISH 2/25/1967
70 Cyrtomium falcatum W Maui, Kahoma ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 612 Maui BISH 6/1/1979
71 Cyrtomium falcatum Keawanui Bay W of Pelekunu Bay Rocky cliffs on coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5404 Molokai BISH 7/30/1987
72 Cyrtomium falcatum hualalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN meebold, a. (sub degener, o.) collector number: 10167 Hawaii BISH
73 Cyrtomium falcatum pahole gulch; drainage #1 - releve 4 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN welton, p. ridgway, s. collector number: 487 Lanai BISH 6/9/1990
74 Cyrtomium falcatum East Maui, Hana District, Waianapanapa State Park, along trail heading toward Hana Airport On aa substrate fronting Pandanus forest, growing with Fimbristylis cymosa, Scaevola taccada. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. LeGrande, M.; Jansen, S.; Kennedy, B. Collector Number: 2002-96 Maui BISH 11/20/2002
75 Cyrtomium falcatum Hualalai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Meebold, A. 10167 Hawaii BISH
76 Cyrtomium falcatum hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN gillett, g.w. collector number: 1732 Hawaii BISH 4/19/1965
77 Cyrtomium falcatum Puuwaawaa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Montgomery, S.L. 13 Hawaii BISH 7/2/1971
78 Cyrtomium falcatum near crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. paquin, d. collector number: 3874 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
79 Cyrtomium falcatum Laupahoehoe Rock cliffs overlooking ocean. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 10262 Hawaii BISH 9/1/1933
80 Cyrtomium falcatum laupahoehoe point; pendant from ceiling of cave at base of seacliffs Growing approx. 10' from highwater line; along beach with heavy saltspray flux from large breakers; frond surface shiny; coll. detached at base of stalk. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 1902 Hawaii BISH 12/29/1984
81 Cyrtomium falcatum above kalaupapa settlement; second small valley along top of cliff east of leper trail In rocky woods near brook. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 5697 Molokai BISH 6/19/1928
82 Cyrtomium falcatum koloa district. lawai valley. pacific tropical botanical garden PRESERVED_SPECIMEN woolliams, k. tannawa, t. collector number: t. flynn 1919 Kauai BISH 10/9/1986
83 Cyrtomium falcatum Kalaupapa; Waileia, mouth along clifface exposed PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wysong, M.L. 556 Molokai BISH 1/4/2005
84 Cyrtomium falcatum Near Crystal gulch; narrow 2° arroyo Common on sheer basalt walls. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 3874 Oahu BISH 5/21/1988
85 Cyrtomium falcatum Trail to Kalaupapa along windswept cliffs of north coast of the island Very common along trail; growing in rock cracks and on the ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crosby, M.R. 1675 Molokai BISH 7/4/1964
86 Cyrtomium falcatum keawanui bay w of pelekunu bay Rocky cliffs on coast. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. wagner, w.l. collector number: 5404 Molokai BISH 7/30/1987
87 Cyrtomium falcatum west of kalaupapa leper settlement Under rocks on brink of windswept pali. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 3217 Molokai BISH 6/18/1928
88 Cyrtomium falcatum kalaupapa trail Moist basalt crevices. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 25234 Molokai BISH 12/25/1953
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